Course Content Form
	PIMA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
								Effective Term: Full Academic Year 2020/21

MLT  240LB     Urinalysis and Body Fluids Lab

Credit Hours:	1.00	Lecture Periods:		Lab Periods:	3.00

Description:
Introduction to the fundamental skills used for clinical lab techniques of urine and body fluids testing. Includes collection, physical and chemical examination, microscopic examination, body fluids, and individual fluids.

Prerequisite(s): With a grade of B or better: BIO 205IN, and MAT 151 or assessment into MAT 189.

Co-requisite(s):  MLT 240.

Information: Students must be admitted to the Medical Laboratory Technician program or obtain consent of instructor before enrolling in this course.

Course Learning Outcomes:  
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
1.	Use the examination of samples to determine the presence of normal and abnormal	constituents/composition of urine and selected body fluids, and evaluate their clinical significance.  
2.	Assess samples for proper collection and perform analysis of urine, fecal, and body fluid samples, including 	use and calculations for hemocytometer counting chamber. 
3.	Evaluate and interpret laboratory test outcomes and correlate test results with patient condition(s).  
4.	Improve critical thinking and organizational skills by attending class, completing assignments, and 	participating in problem solving discussions.

Outline:  
I.	Urine Collection
	A.	Specimen methods of collection
		1.	Collection and testing random urine specimen
		2.	Collection and testing midstream clean catch specimen
		3.	24-Hour (timed) specimen collection procedure
		4.	Clean catch specimen collection: male/female
	B.	Specimen rejection
		1.	Contaminated specimens
		2,	Mislabeled
		3.	Nonmatching requisition forms
		4.	Unpreserved
		5.	Improperly transported
II.	Collection and Use of Specimens with Appropriate Preservatives
	A.	Advantages and disadvantages
		1.	Refrigerated specimen
		2.	Sodium fluoride
		3.	Light gray C&S tube
		4.	Yellow UA plus tube
	B.	Physical and chemical changes in urine specimen
		1,	Unrefrigerated urine
		2.	Unpreserved urine
		3.	Effects of bacterial growth on color, clarity, and chemistry results
III.	Calculations Using Results Obtained from Testing
	A.	Glomerular filtration rate
	B.	Creatinine clearance
	C.	Osmotic gap
	D.	Hemocytometer (body fluids)
IV.	Physical and Chemical Examination of Urine
	A.	Color and clarity on urine specimens
	B.	Urine concentration
		1.	Osmolality (osmometer)
		2.	Specific gravity (refractometer)
		4.	Ionic strength (reagent dipstick)
	C.	Reagent dipstick chemistry analysis of urine 
		1.	pH
		2.	Protein
		3.	Glucose
		4.	Bilirubin
		5.	Ketones
		6.	Nitrite
		7.	Blood
		8.	Leukocytes
		9.	Urobilinogen
		10.	Specific gravity
		11.	Ascorbic Acid
	D.	Sources of error
		1.	Proper reagent dipstick technique
		2.	Adulterated specimens
		3.	Interfering substances
		4.	Confirmatory tests
			a.	Clinitest
			b.	Ictotest
			c.	Refractometer
		5.	Correlating chemistry and microscopic results
	E.	Microscopic examination of urine
		1.	Standardized microscopic examination
			a.	KOVA standard urinalysis system
			b.	Non-standard conical tube sediment analysis
		2.	Formed elements in urine sediment
			a.	Red blood cells
			b.	White blood cells
			c.	Renal tubular epithelial cells
			d.	Transitional epithelial cells
			e.	Casts
			f.	Crystals
			g.	Bacteria
			h.	Sperm
			i.	Mucous
			j.	Artifacts
			k.	Oval fat bodies
			l.	Eosinophils
V.	Gross Evaluation Including Color, Clarity and Rejection Criteria on Body Fluids
	A.	Synovial
	B.	Pleural
	C.	Pericardial
	D.	Peritoneal
	E.	Amniotic
	F.	Seminal
	G.	Vaginal
	H.	Gastric
VI.	Calculation of Number of Cells in a Variety of Body Fluids Using Dilution Factors and Hemocytometer 	Counts  
	A.	Origin
	B.	Indications for collection
	C.	Procedures for laboratory evaluation
	D.	Interpretation and diagnosis
VII.	Cell Differentiations, Morphology Evaluation, Analyte Quantitation, Pregnancy or Special Testing on a 	Variety of Body Fluids